1. Introduction: As people pay more and more attention to building energy conservation, the application of insulation materials in buildings is becoming more and more extensive. Insulation materials play a vital role in the thermal insulation performance of buildings, and are also one of the key factors in reducing building energy consumption and improving energy utilization efficiency. This article will give a detailed introduction to the internal and external insulation materials of building walls to help readers understand different types of insulation materials and their characteristics.

2. Internal insulation materials of building walls

Internal insulation materials are usually set inside the wall. The main function is to prevent the indoor temperature from being affected by the outdoor environment and reduce the loss of indoor energy. Commonly used internal insulation materials include:

Polystyrene foam (EPS): EPS is a lightweight material made of expandable polystyrene beads by heating and foaming. It has the advantages of light weight, good thermal insulation performance and low price. EPS is widely used in the internal insulation of building walls and is one of the common internal insulation materials.

Extruded polystyrene foam (XPS): XPS is a closed-cell foam material made of polystyrene resin and other additives by extrusion molding. Compared with EPS, XPS has higher compressive strength and moisture resistance. XPS is often used for thermal insulation in the fields of ground, roof, roadbed, etc. In terms of thermal insulation in building walls, XPS can replace traditional materials such as clay bricks.

Rigid polyurethane foam (PUR): PUR is a foam material formed by polymerization of polyol compounds and isocyanates. It has excellent thermal insulation, compressive strength and moisture resistance. PUR is particularly suitable for thermal insulation of complex structures and special-shaped parts, such as roofs, pipes, etc. In the field of construction, PUR can be used as an internal thermal insulation material for thermal insulation of walls, roofs and other parts.

3. External thermal insulation materials for building walls

External thermal insulation materials are set on the outside of the wall. Their main function is to protect the wall structure, reduce energy consumption, and improve the indoor thermal environment. Commonly used external thermal insulation materials include:

Expanded polystyrene board (EPS board): EPS board is a board made of expanded polystyrene foam. It has the advantages of light weight, good thermal insulation performance and low price. EPS board is widely used in the external thermal insulation of building walls and is a common external thermal insulation material. It can effectively reduce energy consumption and improve the thermal insulation performance of buildings.

Glue powder polystyrene particle insulation slurry: This is a new energy-saving insulation slurry composed of polymer dry-mixed mortar and pre-mixed polystyrene particles. The material has the advantages of light weight, low thermal conductivity, good insulation effect, and convenient construction. It can protect the exterior wall of the building during construction, improve the insulation and waterproof performance of the building, and at the same time enhance the strength of the building to a certain extent. In addition, the glue powder polystyrene particle insulation slurry also has excellent bonding properties and compression and tensile properties, which can effectively resist the interference of the external environment and ensure good use effect. This material is widely used in the field of energy-saving renovation of existing buildings and energy-saving of civil buildings. It is one of the more ideal external insulation materials for building exterior walls.

Rigid polyurethane waterproof and thermal insulation integrated board: This is a new type of exterior wall insulation material that integrates waterproofing, thermal insulation, decoration and other functions. The material adopts high-density polyurethane foaming technology and is formed by high temperature and high pressure. The rigid polyurethane waterproof and thermal insulation integrated board has excellent thermal insulation and waterproof properties, can effectively block the intrusion of external moisture, and improve the durability and use effect of the building. In addition, the material also has the advantages of good decorative effect and simple construction, which can meet the needs of different building exterior wall decoration. The rigid polyurethane waterproof and thermal insulation integrated board has a wide range of application prospects in the field of building energy conservation, and is one of the preferred building exterior wall insulation materials in the future.

Phenolic resin composite insulation board: Phenolic resin is a resin made by condensation reaction of phenol and formaldehyde. Because of its good heat resistance, flame retardancy, corrosion resistance and excellent processing properties, it is widely used in the construction field. Phenolic resin composite insulation board is a new type of exterior wall insulation material made of phenolic resin and its filler. The material has excellent thermal insulation and fire resistance, can effectively block the spread of fire, and improve the fire resistance and use effect of the building. In addition, the phenolic resin composite insulation board also has good compressive strength and impact resistance, can effectively resist the interference of the external environment, and ensure good use effect. This material has a wide range of application prospects in the field of building energy conservation and is one of the preferred building exterior wall insulation materials in the future.

IV. Conclusion

Internal and external insulation materials play an important role in building energy conservation. According to different application scenarios and needs, choosing suitable insulation materials is crucial to improving the energy-saving effect of buildings. Different types of insulation materials have their own advantages and scope of application, and need to be selected according to actual conditions. In the future, with the continuous advancement and innovation of technology, it is believed that more environmentally friendly insulation materials will emerge and make greater contributions to promoting the development of building energy conservation.